Notes

Mapping All Hallows: an Introduction

[1] On All Hallows Staining and neighboring parishes including St. Olave, see Alfred Povah, The Annals of the Parishes of St. Olave Hart Street and Allhallows Staining, Ecclesiastically United, 1870 (London: Blades, East, and Blades, 1894).  Povah notes that the parish had rectors between 1367 and 1539, during which period the benefice belonged to the Cistercian Abbey of Grace on Little Tower Hill.  After the Reformation, it became a perpetual curacy.  See Povah, xx.

[2] See also Peter Cunningham, Handbook of London Past and Present (London: John Murray, 1850), 9-10; “Choice Notes,” Notes and Queries (London: Bell & Daldy, 1858), 67.

Francis John Stainforth

[1] I owe a special thanks to Kirstyn Leuner for her research on the life and career of Francis Stainforth.  Special Collections & Archives, University of Colorado Boulder Libraries, Francis John Stainforth, Catalogue of the Library of Female Authors of Rev. J. [sic] Fr. Stainforth, s.l.; s.n. [before 1866]. WPRP 290.

[2] S.J. Speight, “A gentlemanly pastime: antiquarianism, adult education and the clergy in England, c.1750–1960,” History of Education, 40:2 (2011): 143-155.

[3] National Archives, PROB 11/1687/191; National Archives, Prob 11/1848; National Archives, Prob 11/1517. London Gazette (15 Jan 1822): 83; Orbell, ‘Baring, Sir Francis, first baronet (1740–1810)’, ODNB.

[4] Grayson Carter, Anglican Evangelicals:  Protestant Secessions from the Via Media, c. 1800-1850 (Oxford:  Oxford University Press, 2001), 105; [46] Grayson Carter, ‘Baring, George (1781–1854)’, ODNB. 

[5] John Wolffe, ‘Clapham Sect (act. 1792–1815)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press. See also Christopher Tolley, Domestic Biography: the Legacy of Evangelicalism in Four Nineteenth-Century Families (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997).  Adam Kuper notes that the “Clapham Sects'” “members of parliament were mockingly called the “Saints.”” See: Incest & Influence: The Private Life of Bourgeois England (Boston: Harvard University Press, 2009), 137; M. C. Curthoys, ‘Dealtry, William (1775–1847)’, ODNB; C. Peter Williams, ‘Venn, Henry (1796–1873)’, ODNB. See also William Knight, Memoir of Henry Venn, B.D. (London: Seeley, Jackson, and Halliday, 1882), 20. National Archives, Prob 11/1848.

[6] British Library, N/1/11-12, “1823, Official Returns of Marriages, Archdeaconry of Calcutta,” Benares.  “Marriages.” The[10] Oriental Magazine, and Calcutta Review (January 1823): 403.

[7] “Departures,” The Quarterly Oriental Magazine, Review, and Register, 8, 15-16 (July-December 1827): clxiv; Parish Register, Baptisms, Holy Trinity, Clapham, 1830, London Metropolitan Archives. London Metropolitan Archives, Baptisms, parish registers of St. Pancras. 

[8] “Married,” Belfast News-Letter (13 November, 1838): 2; Venn, Alumni Cantabrigienses, Part II, Vol. 6, 5; “Marriages,” The Gentleman’s Magazine (January-June 1839): 89. London Metropolitan Archives, Baptisms, parish registers of St. Pancras. 

[9] London Metropolitan Archives, Baptisms, parish registers of St. Pancras. 

[10] London Metropolitan Archives, Baptisms, parish registers of St. Pancras. 

[11] Edward Dodwell and James S. Miles, Alphabetical List of the Officers of the Bengal Army (London: Longman, Orme, Brown, 1838), 246-7.

[12] Dodwell and Miles, Alphabetical List of the Officers of the Bengal Army, 246-47;

[13] Archibald Venn, Alumni Cantabrigienses; a Biographical List of all Known Students, Graduates and Holders of office at the University of Cambridge, from the earliest times to 1900. Part II, Vol. 6. (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1952); Venn, Alumni Cantabrigienses, Part II, Vol. 6, 5.

[14] “Stainforth, Francis John,” Clergy of the Church of England Database, ed., Kenneth Fincham, Stephen Taylor, and Arthur Burns.

Stainforth's Library of Women Writers

[1] Kirstyn Leuner, personal communication, 13 August 2021; Leuner, The Stainforth Library of Women Writers.

[2] Danna D'Esposo, "The Counting Project," The Stainforth Library of Women Writers.

[3]  “Rev. Lancelot Sharpe, M.A., F.S.A.,” Gentleman’s Magazine (January 1852): 99.

[4] Kirstyn Leuner, "Some Lessons from Counting Names, Person Records, and Short Person Records," Stainforth Library of Women Writers.

[5] Kirstyn Leuner and Michael W. Harris, Stainforth Catalogue Manuscript Video.

[6]  Frances John Stainforth, Catalogue of the Library of Female Authors of Rev. J. [sic] Fr. Stainforth, s.l.; s.n.  [before 1866]."  Special Collections, University of Colorado Boulder Libraries, WPRP 290.

[7]  Aphra Behn, A Pindarick Poem on the Happy Coronation of His Most Sacred Majesty, Special Collections, University of Colorado Boulder Libraries. 

[8] Kirstyn Leuner, personal communication, 13 August 2021.

[9] Kirstyn Leuner and Michael Harris, "The Stainforth Mapping Project," The Stainforth Library of Women Writers.

The History of All Hallows Staining

[1] John Stowe, The Survey of London Containing the Original, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of that City, Methodically Set Down (London: Nicolas Bourn, 1633), 832.  STC (2nd ed.) / 23345.5.

[2 ] Lambeth Palace Library, Sion L. 40.2/E59, ff. 20-22.

[3 ] Ibid.

[4 ] Ibid.

[5 ] 1856 Post Office Directory, London.

[6 ] London Metropolitan Archives, Baptismal Records, All Hallows Staining; Marriage records, All Hallows Staining.  Kate Beatrice was baptized by her grandfather, Reverend Francis Stainforth, 3 August 1861.

[7 ] Lambeth Palace Library, Sion L. 40.2/E59, ff. 20-22; Lambeth Palace Library, Tait, 44/290, f. 290 ff.

[8 ] Lambeth Palace Library, Tait, 44/290, f. 290 ff.

[9 ] Lambeth Palace Library, Tait, 440/187, ff. 187 ff.

[10] Lambeth Palace Library, Tait, 44/290, f. 290 ff.

[11] Lambeth Palace Library, Tait, 440/187, 187ff; 44/290, 290ff.

[12] Lambeth Palace Library, Tait, 440/187, 187ff; 44/290, 290ff.  See, for example, Christopher Webster, “Patterns of Church Seating from Waterloo to 1850, and the Role of the Cambridge Camden Society,” Pews, Benches, and Chairs: Church Seating in English Parish Churches from the Fourteenth Century to the Present, ed. Trevor Cooper and Sarah Brown (London: Ecclesiological Society, 2011), 197-210.  Francis Stainforth, did, however, retain the fees for marriages and for the churching of women.

[13] Lambeth Palace Library, Tait, 440/187, 187ff; 44/290, 290ff.

[14] Lambeth Palace Library, Tait, 440/187, 187ff.  The London Metropolitan Archives notes that “By the mid 19th century churchyards within the City were becoming overcrowded, unsanitary and unfit to be used for further burials. Under the terms of the Metropolitan Burials Act of 1852, the Commissioners of Sewers were appointed the Burial Board for parishes in the City and its liberties. On the advice of the Chief Medical Officer, the Board ruled that interments should cease within the City.” CLA/052. 

[15] Lambeth Palace Library, Tait, 44/290, 290ff, 3.

All Hallows Architecture

[1] Povah, The Annals of the Parishes, 322-323.  Ian W. Archer, ‘Weld, Mary, Lady Weld (bap. 1560?, d. 1623)’, ODNB. 

[2] Union of Benefices: A Bill Intitled An Act to Make Better Provision for the Union of Contiguous Benefices in Cities, Towns, and Boroughs.  23 & 24 Victoria (London:  House of Commons, 22 August 1860).

[3] Povah, The Annals of the Parishes, 127.

[4] “An Act to Authorize the Wardens and the Commonality of the Company of Grocers of the City of London as Trustees under the Will of Dame Margaret Slaney, Deceased to Consent to the Union of the Benefices of Allhallows Staining and Saint Olave Hart Street …” The Statutes of the Kingdom of Great Britain & Ireland, 32 & 33 Victoria, 1868-9 (London: George E. Eyre and William Spottiswoode).  See also London Metropolitan Archives, CLC/210/G/BSD/015/MS 13807.

[5] “Proposed Removal of Thirty City Churches.” Leader (7 Jan. 1854): 8.

[6] Lambeth Palace Library, Tait 44/290 ff.; London Metropolitan Archives, [Guildhall Library] All Hallows Staining, Churchwarden’s Accounts, MS 1704, f. 63r.

[7] Five Plans of the Churches of St. Olaves Hart Street and All Hallows Staining.  St. Olaves Hart Street, City of London. London Metropolitan Archives, MS21563.  

[8] Povah, The Annals of the Parishes, 323-24.

[9 ] Lambeth Palace Library, FP Temple, 24, ff. 29-34.  The churches to be built were 1. Allhallows, Bromley-by-Bow, 1874. 2. St. Anthony, Stepney, 1879, and 3. St. Paul’s, Homerton, 1891.  Povah, The Annals of the Parishes, 127.

[10] Lambeth Palace Library, FP Temple, 24, ff. 29-34.

[11] Ordnance Survey, London, 1896, detail.  National Library of Scotland. OS London 1:1,056 – Sheet VII.66.

[12] Ben Brooksbank, “All Hallows Staining Tower, with St. Olave's Mark Lane,” 1955. 

The Ecclesiastical Landscape

[1] Gustave Doré and Blanchard Jerrold, London: a Pilgrimage (London: Grant & Co., 1872).  Special Collections, University of Colorado Boulder Libraries.

[2] Stowe, A Survey of London by John Stowe, reprinted from the edition of 1603 (Oxford, The Clarendon press, 1908).

[3] Strype, John Strype's Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster. The Stuart London Project, Humanities Research Institute, The University of Sheffield. William Maitland, History and Survey of London. (London, T. Osborne, J. Shipton, J. Hodges, 1756).

[4] Candlewick Ward and Langborn Ward. Benjamin Cole, 1755. Crace Collection, British Library.

[5] Aldgate Ward. Benjamin Cole, 1754. Crace Collection, British Library.

[6] Joseph Jacobs and Edgar, "Bevis Marks Synagogue," Jewish Encylopedia.

[7] Tower Street Ward. Benjamin Cole, 1756. Crace Collection, British Library.

[8] Plan of London from Actual Survey [London: 1851]. John Shury, engraver. Crace Collection, British Library.

The Commercial Landscape

[1] "London Illustrations by Gustave Dore," (British Library).

[2]  Anonymous.  The Sign of the Elephant,  (British Museum).  The inscription reads: "This House merits the attention of all overs of Painting & Genius, for in it previous to his extended celebrity lodge Wm Hogarth. On the wall of the Tap Room, the curious will find 4 paintings by him replete in well variet, chaste character. One represents the Hudsons Bay Company's Porters. Another his first idea for the Modern Midnight Conversation, differing from the print in a circumstance too broad in its humour for the graver. The 3d is Harlequin & Pierot seeming to be laughing at the figure alluded to in the last picture. In the 1st floor is a painting of Harlow Bush Fair coverd over with paint. Mrs Hibbert has kept the house between 30 & 40 years & reed her information relation to Mr Hogarth from persons at that time well acquainted with him. This house was built before the Fire of London & although so near escaped its dreadfull ravages."  The Elephant was still in operation in 1855 at the publication of B.H. Beaufoy's and Jacob Henry Burn's A Descriptive Catalogue of London Traders, Tavern, and Coffee Houses, (London: Guildhall Library, 1855).  See page 93. 

Mark Lane: A Mid-Victorian Domestic Landscape

[1] Lancelot Sharpe.  Lambeth Palace Archives, Sion L 40.2/E59, ff. 20-22. 

[2] Inhabitants in the 1851 census recorded in this paragraph appear in the 1851 England, Wales & Scotland Census, assessed through Finding my Past.

[3] Inhabitants in the 1861 census recorded in this paragraph appear in the 1861 England, Wales & Scotland Census, acessed through Finding my Past.

[4] "Irish London," The Proceedings of the Old Bailey.